Manaslu Circuit and Tsum Valley Trek Cost
Group Size | Cost in USD |
1 Person | $ 1800 per person |
2-4 Person | $ 1250 per person |
5+ People | $ 1150 per person |
Our Manaslu Packages: Full-board Manaslu Circuit, Without KTM Hotel (KTM to KTM Itinerary), Just Tsum Valley Trek
- 17 Days
- 220km
- 6-7 hrs
- Spring/Autumn
- Private Vehicle
- Tea Houses/ Lodges
- Moderate
- Larke La Pass
- 5106 m
Overview
The Manaslu Circuit Tsum Valley Trek is a less-trodden trek that offers great views of Mt. Manaslu, Himlung Himal, Cheo Himal, Larkya Peak, and Annapurna II, as well as large glaciers such as Pungyen and Larkya Glaciers.
The trail is full of adventure and culture plus great Himalaya views that makes it one of the most amazing treks in Nepal. The high altitude trek winds through dense forests of rhododendron, passes through high altitude terrain and penetrates into villages that are rich in Tibetan traditions.
Further along the trek, the lowlands become denser and the scenery changes to barren alpine mountains, Manaslu (8,163m) and Hiunchuli and Ngadi, and Ganesh Himal and Cheo Himal and Annapurna Massif are visible above the skyline.
Of these, sacred monasteries like Mu Gompa and Rachen Gompa retain a tradition of centuries old Buddhism that one can glimpse along the way.
The Manaslu Circuit and Tsum Valley Trek are unlike crowded trekking routes. It is the serene solitude for people who want to go for adventure away from mass tourism.
A rare experience, you go through raw nature and cultural depth, that makes this trek different from others. Every step you take is unveiling another facet of Nepal’s clean, unspoiled, and untouched beauty.
Itinerary
Welcome to Nepal! Our representative will pick you up from the airport and transfer you to the hotel. The moment you arrive in Kathmandu you will be swept up in the energy of the place, a city where corals of ancient temples meet the lively streets.
After you’ve settled in, we will take you to visit Boudhanath Stupa home to whom monks circle the massive edifice whilst spinning prayer wheels in harmonious time. A short visit to Swayambhunath (Monkey Temple) is possible if you are up for it, with stunning views of the city. In the evening, we introduce you to the famous Thamel, the hub of the Nepal trekking culture, where you get your gear and indulge yourself in great food as you start your adventure.
Today is nothing more than making sure you have in order and all your permits and also ensuring that you have everything that you need for the trek before we head into the mountains.
The special trekking permits for the restricted Manaslu and the Tsum Valley region can be processed at the Tourism Board, we will visit. In the meantime, after a long day in the town of Kathmandu being worshipped, you’ll have a chance to also visit Pashupatinath Temple, Nepal’s most sacred Hindu site where rituals are held near the Bagmati River. Alternatively, we can wander around the UNESCO Kathmandu Durbar Square, full of palaces, intricate temples and great insight into Nepal’s royal past. In the evening we will check your trekking gear and mix with you over a nice meal in Thamel, sorting out any last minute questions.
Drive Duration: 7 to 9 hrs
Our drive, a 7 to 9 hour amazing drive, begins today to Nepal’s countryside. The road along Prithvi Highway passes through dense greenery and along Trishuli River. On the way we pass by Malekhu, a small town famous for its fresh fish markets.
Arughat, once a major trade hub and now gateway to the Budhi Gandaki River valley, is a little further. The more we drive in, waterfalls line the roadside, and the cliffs suddenly become forests of giant rock.
It changes slowly from snow covered mountains in the background to villages at the edge of the mountains that have stone houses still made from traditional stone house materials. We reach Machha khola (880m) by evening, a peaceful riverside town on the other side of the river from where we start walking next morning.
Altitude Gain: 900m to 1,340m
Trek Distance: 22 km
Trek Duration: 6 to 7 hrs
We begin to trek alongside the Budhi Gandaki river and thus the adventure officially commences. As you cross suspension bridges, pass beautiful terraced fields, you will reach Khorla Besi, a Gurung village which is charming and quaint and welcomes trekkers with warm smiles.
We will stop nearby for a nice dip in mineral rich waters in the hot springs of Tatopani. Waterfalls cascade down over cliffs as we go. Further on, we arrive at Doban, a quiet place to stop before the last leg to Jagat (1,410m).
In this village, we are properly entering the Manaslu region, which is completely restricted and influenced by Tibetan Buddhism with prayer stones and mani walls. Establishing yourself for a night is an exciting experience with a pleasant trekking ambience and valley views.
Altitude Gain: 1,340m to 2,240m
Trek Distance: 16 km
Trek Duration: 6 to 7 hrs
Leaving Jagat, the trail takes us through dense tropical forests and riverside along the Budhi Gandaki, living past traditional villages and preferably green terraced fields. The trail past Philim becomes dramatic, chasm wide. It’s an optional side trip to Ekle Bhatti, which is an incredibly resting point with breathtaking views of the valley below.
We go on and find ourselves in the restricted Tsum Valley region, and soon Lokpa (2,240m), our resting place is within sight. This is the first real glimpse of the rugged landscape and the Ganesh Himal range towering above other small villages.
Altitude Gain: 2,240m to 2,386m
Trek Distance: 10 km
Trek Duration: 5 to 6 hrs
On the second day of today, we go further into the magical Tsum valley, again following an interesting route strewn with valleys and waterfalls. We cross several suspension bridges, we cross narrow pathways looking down on dense forests.
There is also a cool spot along the way near Ripchet, to take a short detour to show off the view of the lower valley and distant peaks. It’s wide open now, and we have arrived at Buddhist territory, where we see scattered chortens and mani walls as we approach Chumling (2,386m).
Chumling Monastery is one of the first sacred sites in Tsum Valley and is also at this charming village which gives an understanding into Tibetan Buddhist traditions. Adding to the peaceful atmosphere are the stone-built houses and local farming scenes, and it is a good place for the night to rest.
Altitude Gain: 2,386m to 3,031m
Trek Distance: 14 km
Trek Duration: 6 to 7 hrs
Today is the true trek as we stride into Tsum Valley’s wild wilderness. From Chumling, we cross suspension bridges across fast flowing rivers, through pine and rhododendron forests. Slowly, we gain altitude and pass Gho, a peaceful village where the farming is largely done the old fashioned way.
From the hilltop, there lies a fabulous little viewpoint near Lamagaon, from where the vastness of the valley can be viewed as it is. We eventually arrive at Chhekamparo (3,031m), one of the biggest villages in this area.
We are rewarded with jaw dropping views of Ganesh Himal and Himalchuli and these snow layered giants dominate the horizon. We get to go to local gompas to listen to monks chant their prayers in the evening in the deep Buddhist culture town Chhekamparo.
Altitude Gain: 3,031m to 3,361m
Trek Distance: 10 km
Trek Duration: 5 to 6 hrs
The upper Tsum Valley gets more dramatic and remote as we continue our trip. These ancient mani walls have been beautifully carved with Buddhist inscriptions that gently lead us to the sacred lands we are approaching.
We stop at Milarepa’s Cave, a historic meditation site where the famous Tibetan yogi once meditation and pass by. Ahead lie the peaceful high altitude village of Nile (3,361m) close to Tibet’s border.
With towering cliffs and monastery settlements dissolving into the landscape, the dramatic views of the valley get out of this world as well. Just a short hike away lies Mu Gompa, which represents the heart of Tsum Valley’s spiritual heritage.
Altitude Gain: 3,361m to 3,700m
Trek Distance: 8 km
Trek Duration: 4 to 5 hrs
The day begins with an exciting hike upto Mu Gompa (3,700m), the highest monastery of Tsum Valley. The views get more striking at higher elevations and from here, Ganesh Himal (7,422m), Sringi Himal (7,161m), and Himalchuli (7,893 m) are clearly visible in the skyline.
Buddhist monks age old traditions preserved live at the remote Mu Gompa on a remote hillside. Then we move on to examine ancient murals, prayer halls and some of the peaceful surroundings of the monastery.
We can also make a short side trip to Dephyudonma Gompa, the other sacred site associated with Tibetan Buddhism. Soaking in the serene atmosphere, we descend back to Nile, through boulder studded mani walls on which prayers are carved and great valley views are had before resting for the night.
Altitude Loss: 3,361m to 2,386m
Trek Distance: 24 km
Trek Duration: 6 to 7 hrs
We have to retrace our steps back towards Chumling, moving down through more beautiful landscapes, deep gorges and forest paths. The striking peaks of Boudha Himal (6,672m) and Himalchuli still remain in sight as we walk along the valley keeping these mountains very high above us.
During the hike, we come back to important sites like Milarepa’s Cave, the place the ancient Tibetan saint meditated and took asceticism. The mystical view at the cave also gives an insight into Tsum Valley’s spiritual heritage.
We cross several suspension bridges and rivers and slowly approach Chumling (2,386m), where the tranquil essence of the village awaits. The timeless Buddhist rituals and prayer flags flapping in the wind call for some time to explore Chumling Monastery.
Altitude Loss: 2,386m to 1,804m
Trek Distance: 20 km
Trek Duration: 7 to 8 hrs
From Tsum Valley we exit back to the Manaslu Circuit, cliffs soaring above and thick forest dominating the landscape. The path moves with the pace of Budhi Gandaki River and gives picturesque sights of Sringi Himal (7,161m) and Kutang Himal (6,220m) while moving through steep ridges.
After passing through the quiet little village of Ripchet nestled in the Trakya Mountains with stunning valley views all around, we then go toward Lokpa for a short rest. The area becomes more rugged as we go and there are thrilling cliffment paths and occasionally waterfalls.
After a couple of hours, we reach Deng (1,860m), where we are welcomed by a friendly tea house surrounded by great mountain scenery. You can see the prayer wheels and the carved stone walls around the village and it is obvious that the Tibetan cultural influence is growing.
Altitude Gain: 1,804m to 2,630m
Trek Distance: 19 km
Trek Duration: 6 to 7 hrs
Today we have a steady climb up through heavy forest and some scattered settlements. The peaks become more dramatic as we ascend, and further still, Manaslu (8,163m), Naike Peak (6,211m) and Saula Himal (6,235m) begin to gain height in front of us as silent, distant giants.
As we pass through Ghap we arrive into the Buddhist territory and are blessed with the well inscribed mani walls and monasteries. Bird life is rich along the trail especially around rhododendron forest where it enriches the trek with serenade. We climb up through the quiet trails until we arrive at the Namrung (2,630 m) stop, a beautiful and gorgeous place with splendid views. We prepare ourselves for the high altitude landscapes starting tomorrow and settle in for the night here.
Altitude Gain: 2,630m to 3,530m
Trek Distance: 17 km
Trek Duration: 6 to 7 hrs
The day begins with an ascent through beautiful landscapes with the huge peaks of Manaslu (8,163m), Naike Peak (6,211m) and Himalchuli (7,893m) looming over the skyline. We pass through the beautiful village with the ancient chortens Lihi, and continue to Sho where a line of traditional stone houses stands out against snowy summits.
With altitude the vegetation changes to alpine country. Along the route there are breathtaking views near the small, serene monastery. On the approach to Sama Gaun (3,530m), we come to one of the region’s biggest villages, where Tibetan influence is, culturally, deep. At higher elevations, other than here, we rest and prepare.
Today is important for acclimatization to the altitude, as we visit landmarks locally. Birendra Lake is a beautiful glacial lake set on the foot of Manaslu, it is one of the popular side trips. To reach this lake, you will need to hike for 8 to 9 hours, but the scenery won’t be a disappointment. Alternatively, trekkers can opt for a hike to Manaslu Base Camp (4,800m), as they get close up views of the mountain’s ice slopes.
The village is rich in Tibetan traditions, so another side trip of 5 to 6 hours will lead you to Pungyen Gompa that provides vast Himalayan views with their towering rock masses, and explains some of the spiritual depth of the region. You can spend time with locals at their homestead or you can choose to relax and observe yak herders working before the upcoming challenging days.
Altitude Gain: 3,530m to 3,860m
Trek Distance: 8.5 km
Trek Duration: 4 to 5 hrs
Today the trail is still short but gets us higher up into the higher altitude terrain. As you climb, the biodiversity decreases to rocky terrain and open fields. On the way through to Kyonggma Kharka there are various yak spots along the way.
A stunning ridge provides stunning views of Manaslu, Ganesh Himal (7,422m), Samdo Peak (6,335m). As we enter Samdo (3,875m), we are in a lonely Tibetan settlement at the feet of bare cliffs. Near the Tibetan border, the village makes a short side trip to a viewpoint to glimpse into wild valleys beyond Nepal.
Visiting the Tibetan Border:
Going to the Tibetan border (4,500m) from Samdo requires staying another day in Samdo to walk the 12 km (7 miles) round trip in 6 to 7 hrs there. This extra day gives you a chance to look around without hurrying and gives you a chance to get acclimatized before you continue on.
Furthermore, Samdo is a small settlement influenced by Tibetan culture, located at 3,690m (12,106ft), bordering with a large himalayan landscape. The extra day allows you the opportunity to experience local Sherpa and Tibetan culture, to interact with villagers and see how they live in a very traditional way. The yak pastures are a great place to explore, see mani walls and stunning views of Manaslu, Samdo Peak and the Tibetan plateau.The old trading route used to reach the border is passed to reach barren terrain to finally reach Rui La Pass right on Tibet’s highland. This way you give yourself a day extra and you fully enjoy this unique experience before going on with the trek.
Altitude Gain: 3,860m to 4,460m
Trek Distance: 6.5 km
Trek Duration: 3 to 4 hrs
Today we have encamped near the base of Larkya La Pass, with today’s journey along rough ground with superb views of massive glaciers, as highlights. We cross several streams and wander through the dramatic valley of Larkya Phedi in which we are seemingly surrounded by mountains.
The trek offers breathtaking sights of the Manaslu, Larkya Peak (6,249m), Cheo Himal (6,820m) and Pawar Peak (6,610m) which make it one of the most lovely sections of the whole trail. After Dharamsala (4,460m), or Larkya Phedi, a simple lodge is our resting spot before the pass crossing the next day.
Altitude Gain: 4,460m to 5,160m, then descend to 3,590m
Trek Distance: 16 km
Trek Duration: 8 to 9 hrs
According to the guides and trekkers, the most difficult yet rewarding section of the trek is today. We left early to cross Larkya La Pass (5,106m), the highest point of the trip. As we ascend the landscape becomes rugged of Iceland’s icy moraines and amazing glacier views.
The effort is worth it at the top as we are surrounded by Himlung Himal (7,126m), Cheo Himal (6,820m), Kang Guru (6,981m) and Annapurna II (7,937m) all making up a spectacular Himalayan view.
We soak in the views before descending toward Bimtang (3,720m), passing through frozen lakes and remote high altitude valleys. Spectacular sights are on offer during the descent, with misty ridges and deep snow fields making the drama of the landscape a reality.
Trek Distance: 19 km
Trek Duration: 6 to 7 hrs
From Bhimtang to Gowa, the trek covers dense forest, waterfalls, and solitary villages. Leaving Bhimthang, you head downward past Pungkar Lake, it’s glorious alpine gem and then descend into dense forests of wild rhododendron and pine where you have the chance to see wildlife.
The path passes along the Dudh Khola River with beautiful villages, such as Yak Kharka and Karcher, presenting sights of traditional wooden cottages where yaks graze contentedly. On the way, you will have wide views of Mount Manaslu, Lamjung Himal and Himalchuli, and you will reach an idyllic village of Gowa Altitude 2515m.
Drive Duration: 8 to 9 hrs
The trip from Gowa to Tilije is a short but beautiful walk. You will walk through peaceful forests and cross the Marsyangdi River, with gorgeous terraced hillsides and traditional village views. Tilije, an endearing settlement, is somewhere on the border of high and low valleys, with noticeably warmer climate than the rest of the routes.
You will start the long drive from Tilije to Kathmandu, via which you will spend 8 to 9 hours. You’ll see road winds through various landscapes and you can see beautiful Manaslu, Annapurna and other surrounding hills.
You pass through Dharapani and Besisahar villages, bustling markets, waterfalls then dense forests. As you continue on, the scenery changes to flatlands surrounded by rivers and you arrive back with a welcome to Kathmandu Valley and the city life, temples and stupas.
We transfer you to Tribhuvan International Airport where it is time to say goodbye. Before the flight, if you have time, you could wander through Kathmandu Durbar Square once more or get souvenirs at Asan Bazaar, a lively market. Days in the remote Himalayas and the warmth of Nepal’s culture stays with you as you board your flight home.
Includes/Excludes
Cost Includes
- Pickup on arrival and transport to your Hotel
- Three nights 3 star hotel stay in Kathmandu (bed and breakfast package)
- All ground transportation with public transportation (private transportation available at extra $400/jeep)
- Full board meal (Breakfast, Lunch and Dinner)
- Seasonal fruits during the trek
- Accommodation (twin sharing) at teahouse/hotel during trek
- All necessary permits and government taxes
- Licensed, well English speaking guide
- Food, accommodation, salary, insurance for all staff
- Company logo printed Duffle bag, sleeping, down jacket (should be returned to the company after trek)
- Company route map and Tshirt
- First aid kits, oximeter
- Airport drop
Cost Excludes
- Porter: $290 (can be shared among two trekker)
- Personal expenses (snacks, cold drinks, Tea/coffee, alcoholic beverages etc)
- Hot shower, battery charge and wifi during the trek
- Tipping to trekking staff and driver
- Your personal travel insurance
- Kathmandu Sightseeing tour
More Info
Manaslu Circuit Tsum Valley Trek is an adventure, a little bit of culture and a lot of tranquility. It’s an intimate experience with both nature and tradition, praying flags line the ridge, the monasteries are ancient such as the Mu Gompa and Rachen Gompa, and the mountains contrast them.
Raw beauty of Manaslu Circuit along with the spiritual charm of Tsum Valley makes it a perfect trip for anyone looking for more than just a physical challenge. New perspectives come each day, golden glow of sunrise over Manaslu, quiet hum of monks chanting in Mu Gompa, and satisfying reward of crossing the snow covered Larkya La Pass.
This is not just a trek, it is a connection in feeling to a way of life that goes on regardless of how much time has gone by. Despite the development of the Annapurna circuit, this route still stands as one of Nepal’s most profound adventures for trekking seeking a nearly unspoiled Himalayan adventure of solitude, discovery and moments that will be unforgettable.
Best Months for Optimal Trekking
The best trekking experience is clear skies, stable weather and comfy temperatures. March to May (spring) and September to November (autumn) are the ideal months for the Manaslu Circuit and Tsum Valley Trek.
The trails are in good shape due to these seasons, which also mean river crossings are safer and visibility is at best. Spring provides rhododendrons blossoming and autumn provides crisp air with a beautiful mountain view.
Due to the avoidable excess snow, the Larkya La Pass (5,106 m) can be climbed during these months. During the winter months (December to February), you can expect extreme colds at high altitudes and other trail closures due to snow.
Heavy clouds and monsoon season (June to August) make the trails slippery and also dangerous to cross the rivers. However, choosing the season right is equally important for you to have the right times to enjoy the landscapes without worrying about the uncertain weather.
Climate Trends Throughout the Year
There is more of a temperature change you will endure. During spring (Mar to May) lower regions are mild (10°C to 20°C), and higher altitudes (around Larkya La Pass), cold (-10°C at night). Which is why there are mostly clear skies, perfect for photography.
Temperatures in Autumn (September to November) mirror that of spring, but with more consistent sun. Daytime temperatures should be 15°C to 20°C in the villages and -5°C at higher elevations. It is as cold as -20°C during December to February at Dharamsala and Larkya La Pass often becomes impassable due to snow.
Mud is an issue, as is heavy rain (June-August) in the lower areas, which brings summer and monsoon. Although Manaslu Circuit and Tsum Valley Trek is a bit drier, landslides occur and visibility is poor, as it is constantly cloudy. This ensures you pack all that is necessary without being shocked along the way.
Seasonal Variations in Scenery
Spring (March-May)
- Colorful rhododendron forests bloom in red and pink hues.
- The authenticity of a landscape is added when Yak herders move to high altitude pastures.
- Stunning views of Manaslu and Ganesh Himal can be seen on a clear sky day.
- Rivers flow gently and the trek is pleasant because of the pleasant temperatures.
Autumn (September-November)
- As the harvest season rolls in, the terraced farms appear golden yellow.
- Snow covered peaks stand out against deep blue skies on account of the crisp air.
- Best for the best visibility of towering Himalayan summits, and rugged valleys.
- Consequently the temperatures are mild and trekking conditions favourable.
Winter (December-February)
- Blanketed in snow, the trails, and high passes were a frozen landscape.
- The alpine scenery is simply stunning and the villages are tucked under white layers.
- As the extreme cold (–20°C) can make Larkya La Pass very unpredictable.
- Limited accessible but peaceful solitude for experienced trekkers.
Monsoon (June-August)
- Waterfalls are at peak, and valleys are lush green.
- The difficulty increases as trails are made muddy and slippery with heavy rainfall.
- Although this area is obstructed by cloud cover, Tsum Valley is drier.
- Some crossings are more risky during peak rain periods when rivers swell.
The regulations set by the Nepalese government are quite strict in Manaslu Circuit and Tsum Valley Trekking. These guidelines have been set to keep the region in good shape, to avoid polluting it or the locals, as well as to make the trip safe for the walkers.
This is a restricted trekking area, so solo trekking in the area is not permitted and you will need to trek with an official guide as well as obtain special permits. Furthermore, it is best to respect local custom since many hamlets subscribe to old Buddhist custom. To protect the delicate ecosystem, you will be obliged to follow designated trails and avoid unauthorized camping in the area.
Conservation Area Rules & Guidelines
The trek lies within Manaslu Conservation Area which is set up to protect wildlife, forests and indigenous groups. To enter Tsum Valley, you will need a Manaslu Conservation Area Permit (MCAP) and a Tsum Valley Restricted Area Permit.
As littering is strictly prohibited, they are requested to carry out all the waste which includes plastic bottles and wrappers with them. Also, banned are hunting, fishing and disturbing the wildlife. A visitor should avoid fires, unless allowed by local teahouses. However, as you trek you should respect religious sites, and this includes monasteries and mani walls, by walking clockwise around these.
Entry Restrictions & Compliance
Furthermore, the Manaslu Circuit Trek with Tsum Valley are included in restricted zones and so foreign trekkers need to take special permits which are available via registered trekking agencies only. A certified guide will accompany two or more trekkers minimum.
However, trekking without a guide or forgetting to register your permits at checkpoints will be denied entry. Some sections, such as Larkya La Pass, whether high, may be shut temporarily because of the weather trouble and you need to adjust with shelter or safety instructions.
Permit Verification & Checkpoint Procedures
Verification of permits is strictly adhered to all along the trek. At places like Jagat, Lokpa and Samagaun, you will pass through villages with a checkpoint where your restricted area permits and conservation passes should be checked.
Most paperwork will be handled by any guides you have, but you must always carry printed copies of your permits with you. Trekkers must log their passport details for some checkpoints to have record keeping as a form of safety. When crossing Larkya La Pass there will be occasional permit revalidation at higher altitude stops.
Health & Altitude Risks
Ideally, your body does not react in a way that would enable you to climb to higher altitudes because of the low oxygen levels there. It is altitude sickness (AMS), which can start at 2,500m, showing headaches, nausea, dizziness and shortness of breath.
Since above 3,500 m, the risk is higher; proper acclimatization days need to be spent at Sama Gaun and similar spots. In more severe cases, the person may develop HAPE (High Altitude Pulmonary Edema) or HACE (High Altitude Cerebral Edema), and these will necessitate immediate descent.
To reduce risks, however, staying hydrated, avoiding alcohol and keeping a constant pace are important. Take altitude sickness medication (Diamox) with you and be vigilant about your health.
Evacuation & Rescue Services
Options for evacuation in case of medical emergency are helicopter rescues, which can be arranged from villages like Samdo even when at high altitude depending on conditions. It is wise to take trekking insurance to cover the cost of the evacuation where it is very expensive using a helicopter.
In Namrung and Sama Gaun, basic medical attention is offered as do local health posts, however, if further help is needed, one has to travel to Pokhara or Kathmandu. Basic first aid guides are trained and we also ensure emergency plans in place to ensure a safe trek.
Navigation & Trekking Safety Measures
Manaslu Circuit Trek with Tsum Valley has defined trails but some stretches such as Larkya La Pass needs special attention as the weather is unpredictable. Apart from that you can solo trek, but always with a licensed guide.
Landslides and river crossings will be expected, especially in the monsoon season. Don’t search the area without a GPS device or trekking map, and never leave the area without following the advice of locals on trail conditions. Marked paths only and keep out of glacier zones. Wearing layered clothes, bringing along the emergency contact numbers, and having the guide present at the scene is how you can enjoy trekking without any hazards.
Impact on Local Communities
On Tsum Valley and Manaslu Circuit Trek, you are accepted into the communities that have kept their traditions going for hundreds of years. Though tourism gives economic support, it must be balanced so that village life continues.
By staying in locally owned teahouses, bringing local, handmade crafts and hiring local, licensed, trained to highest standards guides and porters, our revenue goes directly to the people.
Respecting cultural customs like, taking pictures of the locals after asking for permission, and keeping on the ‘clockwise’ side when walking around the new mani wall or monastery, builds on the connection between trekkers and the people living in these mountains.
Environmental Preservation Initiatives
Also, the Manaslu region comes in the Manaslu Conservation Area which does actively protect the forests, wildlife and the rivers. In villages, you will observe areas for the disposal of waste, so as to practise responsible disposal.
Due to the forestry crisis created by so many hiding out in the mountains, many tea houses promote solar energy to conserve firewood and lessen deforestation. Plastic waste on the trek should always be packed out, as there are few disposal facilities.
Reforestation projects are also taken up by local communities to ensure that high altitude forests continue existing. We encourage ourselves and others to participate in eco-friendly practices, so as to keep this pristine environment in teak for generations in future.
Responsible Travel Practices
The sustainability of the route is affected by what you opt for your trekking. Additionally, to cut plastic waste on bottled water, it is good practice to bring a refillable water bottle with a purification system.
Biodegradable soap that is flushed down drains can be used and waste carried out responsibly to prevent pollution to fragile ecosystems. Community-led conservation programs are supported resulting in the protection of the wildlife species such as the Himalayan tahr and snow leopards.
Small groups of trekkers prevent soil erosion and limit the environmental strain. Ethical trekking principles are meant to be followed so that you leave a positive footprint in the Himalayas and at the same have a life changing experience.
Influence of Tibetan Buddhism in the Region
Manaslu and Tsum Valley has a world shaped deeply in the customs of Tibetan Buddhism. The monasteries, the prayer wheels and mani walls along the trails are witnesses of the traditions of villages for centuries following. There is a religious landmark for every settlement, and Rachen Gompa and Mu Gompa serve as major monastic centers where monks take shelter and meditation is practiced.
The strong religious ties of the region are visible as you notice that homes and teahouses show Buddhist scriptures and images of deities. The locals, however, are very hospitable and can warmly greet visitors with a drink of butter tea, a Tibetan culture’s staple to the people there. The further into the Tsum Valley you go the more untouched these traditions stay, which makes for a rare and unique experience for the trekkers.
Myths & Legends Surrounding Manaslu & Tsum Valley
Myths steep the Himalayas, and Manaslu is particularly surrounded by stories of spiritual guardians and divine forces. Local accounts say supernatural beings guard Manaslu (8,163m) that explains why early mountaineers had such a hard time on it.
The ‘hidden valley’ of Tsum has been blessed as a safe place for Buddhism when it is under persecution by Guru Rinpoche. It is said Milarepa’s Cave, a sacred retreat, is where the renowned Tibetan saint gained enlightenment by meditating there centuries ago. A few stories say that snow leopards in these valleys are spiritual protectors who guard the purity of the area. Locals will also tell you these myths as you trek, giving some mystical feeling to your journey.
Local Customs & Traditional Practices
However, the customs are followed in every village and they have not changed for generations. It is one of the most noticeable practices (especially among tourists and newcomers) of walking clockwise around the chortens and the mani walls is a mark of respect in Buddhism.
To respect the monastic monks’ spiritual practice, you have to remove your shoes before entering their monasteries and keep silent. The hospitality is very much ingrained and the villagers are apt to offer tsampa (roasted barley flour) and butter tea to travelers, treating them as honored guests in their home.
Apart from the cultural vibrancy of the trek, monasteries are the sites where seasonal mask dances and prayer ceremonies take place. Locals wear clothing that reflects Tibetan influence, with cloaks known as chubas suited to weather of the cold. Observing these customs makes you one who participates in a living tradition, a tradition that has spanned many centuries.
Side Trekking Routes & Extensions
In the main trail, some extra paths are developed for a better trekking experience. A thrilling trek to Manaslu Base Camp (4,800m) can be taken from Sama Gaun, and face the massive glacier to guzzle into the mountain.
This reward brings us to the turquoise glacial Birendra Lake, surrounded by huge peaks hovering above the glassy still waters. If you follow it far enough into Tsum Valley, there are other ways to reach villages and caves in the strictest meditation, including Dephyudonma Gompa, perched in the cliffs. For those seeking longer expeditions on the Annapurna, the trek can be combined with Annapurna Circuit continuing the adventure.
Wildlife Spotting & Natural Wonders
As the region lies in the Manaslu Conservation Area, it is a paradise for Himalayan wildlife. The high altitude zones along the trail have Himalayan tahr, blue sheep and even the snow leopard. Himalayan monals (Nepal’s national bird) as well as griffon vultures and golden eagles will be seen soaring over ridges by birdwatchers.
You will find the waterfalls and glacial rivers plus dense forests, most stunning around Namrung and Bimtang. That comes when you cross Larkya La Pass (5,106m) to behold the grandest of panoramas of peaks going all the way into Tibet.
Unique Photography Locations
While every bit of the trek is practically a photographic moment, there are a few places that really get tourists attention. Despite having only one overnight stop at Mu Gompa high in Tsum Valley, it offers dramatic shots of the monastery next to rugged cliffs. The glassy reflections at sunrise of the Manaslu present a clear picture in the Birendra Lake.
From the Larkya La Pass, from the top you can see the Himalayan panorama stretching as far as the eye can see and on every side, you can see Cheo Himal, Himlung Himal, and Kang Guru and surrounding peaks.
In Chhekamparo, Samdo, and other such villages, one can see the life of the settlers in Tibet as well as the Mani walls and the prayer flags that constantly adorn every frame. From landscapes, wildlife or culture, this trek is a great photo safari for all types of photographers.
Guided vs. Independent Trekking
Trekking independently is not allowed for the Tsum Valley with Manaslu Circuit Trek as it is a restricted area and you cannot trek without a guide who is licensed. Guide will help in handling, navigation, safety, and cultural insights but in other regions the independent trekking is feasible however we won’t have the option to reach the restricted regions of this route).
A guide also offers local expertise, assists in acclimatization and is trained to navigate complex trails, all of which can be valuable to battle those newbie blues.
Trekking Agencies & Local Operators
Trekking through a reputable agency is the best way to have a smooth experience. Permits, logistics, accommodations, and emergency support are handled by licensed local operators who lend the necessary stress relief and unexpected challenges.
We, Radiant Treks, as an agency also support the local economy by hiring certified guides and porters able to receive their fair wage. By choosing us, who has had experience in Manaslu and in the Tsum Valley area, you will bring along knowledgeable teams that know the weather patterns, altitude risks and trail conditions.
Porter & Support Staff Considerations
Trekking will be easier when you hire porters because they reduce your load and you will be able to enjoy the landscapes without too much fatigue. They carry porters usually weigh 15 to 20 kg and follow appropriate trekking ethics to avoid overwhelming work.
For example, Larkya La Pass (5,106m) is a high altitude and for that, it is necessary to make sure that the hikers have appropriate clothing and insurance. They provide safety and comfort that goes into a well managed trek because they are guides, cooks (if the trek is a camping trek) and assistants.
Teahouse vs. Camping Trekking
Nevertheless, most trekkers take up teahouse trekking, since it doesn’t require camping gear and there are basic lodges serving meals along the trails. Those who want to hike alone can choose a camping trek, but it will involve tents, cooking supplies, getting those supplies to the starting point and extra logistical support.
However, teahouse stays are the best way to interact with locals, it is thus not necessary to camp unless one has decided to trek off the main trails in a village that does not have good tea houses such as Samagaun and Jagat.
Availability of Lodges & Homestays
The closer one moves toward altitude, the simpler the teahouses become, they are available in most villages throughout the trek. There are some comfortable lodges with attached bathrooms in lower villages like Jagat, Namrung, and Samagaun, and basic stone huts in higher spots like Samdo and Dharamshala.
Homestays are the only way to experience local culture in Tsum Valley, where families allow the trekkers to lodge in their homes and to take part in traditional meals while enjoying the Tibetan hospitality.
Access to Electricity & Charging Facilities
There is electricity at tea houses although at high elevation, power supply becomes limited. Hydroelectric power exists in villages such as Sama Gaun and Namrung with the capability of basic charging at an extra fee per device. After Samdo, lodges are open to solar power, so little electricity is available. If you need to remain connected, it is advised to carry power banks and solar chargers.
Common Meals & Dietary Considerations
On the Tsum Valley with Manaslu Circuit Trek, locally sourced meals can be found at teahouses, which are necessary to fuel long trekking days throughout the trek. Dal bhat is the staple meal with rich carbs and proteins being lentil soup and vegetable curries, rice, and curries etc.
Other meals often eaten are noodle soups, fried rice, chapati, and potatoes, foods which are easily digested at such altitudes. The number of meal varieties decreases as you gain elevation, but you can still dine on eggs, Tibetan bread and yak cheese in teahouses. To maintain nutrition, carrying extra protein bars or instant oats is advisable if you have dietary restrictions.
Availability of Safe Drinking Water
In order to adapt to altitude, plenty of water needs to be drunk. There are many sources of natural water, such as rivers, streams, etc. However, water must undergo purification before it can be used for drinking.
For safety, boiled water from teahouses or purchased one with water purification tablets or portable filters are the options to choose. There is bottled water available, but one doesn’t want to give that a try because of environmental reasons. A hydration strategy at higher altitudes would consist of drinking at least 3 to 4 liters per day in order to combat dehydration.
Recommended Snacks & Supplements
It is important to have quick energy snacks to keep stamina. Packing dry fruits, nuts, chocolate bars, protein bars and trail mix is what we strongly advise because they supply instant energy and also some necessary nutrients.
Honey ginger tea is good for digestion and the acclimatization at high altitude stops. In the event of additional supplementation needs, electrolyte powders, vitamin C tabs, and altitude sickness drug (Diamox) should be considered to help your body out during the trek.
Acclimatization Stops & Guidelines
Prevention of altitude sickness depends on acclimatization. To let your body get used to it we schedule rest days in Sama Gaun (3,530m) and Samdo (3,875m). They give time to explore side trails, for example, Manaslu Base Camp (4,800m), which allows your lungs to get used to lower oxygen levels.
As per the “climb high, sleep low” principle, climbing up to higher elevations during the day but then going up to lower elevations at night – minimizes the risk of altitude problems.
Symptoms & Prevention of Altitude Sickness
Headaches, dizziness, nausea and shortness of breath are among symptoms of altitude sickness. Gradual ascent, adequate hydration, and no alcohol are preventative measures. There is only one solution if symptoms worsen, descending. A recommended medication that helps with the body adapting by increasing the oxygen absorption is Diamox.
Managing Sudden Weather Changes
Mountain weather can shift unexpectedly. Higher elevations close to Larkya La Pass (5,106m) are characterized by sudden drops in temperature, strong winds, or snowfall. To feel comfortable, you will need to carry layered clothing, rain protection and thermal gear. However, guides will alter hiking plans if the forecast indicates extreme weather, as is the case for safety.
Rare & Endangered Species in the Region
The Tsum Valley with Manaslu Circuit Trek lies within the Manaslu Conservation Area with good numbers of wildlife. On rocky cliffs and alpine meadows, Himalayan tahr, blue sheep and musk deer will be among animals that you may encounter while trekking.
In addition, the region is habitat to rare and endangered species such as the snow leopard, which inhabits high altitude dry mountainsides. The red panda may be spotted in some of the forested sections of the trek near Namrung and Deng if you’re lucky.
Among other animals, Himalayan monal (Nepal’s national bird) and pheasants can be noted, as well as golden eagles soaring across mountain ridges. These species are protected from habitat destruction and poaching, and will survive in these remote landscapes thanks to the conservation area.
Seasonal Changes in Vegetation
The seasons cause an enormous change in the vegetation on the trek. Spring (March to May) is a time that the trails explode in rhododendron forests, displaying the hills with shades of red, pink and purple. By means of lower altitudes there are blooming wildflowers and by way of higher elevations they are barren in extreme cold.
Autumn (September to the beginning of November) and the forests switch to golden-orange and look nice against the snow covered peaks. Central India during monsoon (June to August) gets abundant rain, lush greenery everywhere and the valleys are thickly vegetated while Nepal during winter (December to February) has waterfalls frosted and the trees covered with snow.
Wildlife Conservation Efforts
Manaslu region is protected in MCAP (Manaslu Conservation Area Project), for biodiversity conservation through ecotourism and sustainable use of biodiversity. Trekking is responsibly practiced and wildlife is protected by the local communities who actively participate in conservation.
Endangered species are safeguarded by anti-poaching initiatives, as well as reforestation projects in lower valleys aimed at regeneration of habitats. Supporting these conservation efforts directly comes from being a trekker, following Leave No Trace principles, and avoiding wildlife disturbance and abiding by local regulations.
Essential Clothing & Equipment
Laying clothing in layers is important to adjust with changing temperature. You’ll need:
- Base layer (moisture-wicking thermal wear)
- Mid layer (insulated fleece or down jacket)
- Outer layer (waterproof, windproof shell)
- Trekking boots (high ankle support, waterproof)
- Gloves, hats, and gaiters for cold conditions
- Sleeping bag (rated for -10°C to -20°C)
- Trekking poles to reduce strain on knees
- Headlamp for early morning treks
Renting vs. Buying Gear Locally
Renting jackets, sleeping bags, trekking poles and boots are available for cheap in Thamel (Kathmandu’s trekking hub). For personal essentials like base layers and boots consider buying, but heavy gear is a good candidate to rent.
In case you’re preparing to make a few treks, despite everything, getting top quality rigging is worth the effort, however, on the off chance that you are simply intending to do only a solitary trek, or are taking a completely budgetary method to deal with it, at that point getting it rented can be the approach.
- How do locals stay warm in extreme cold at high altitudes?
To keep their bodies warm villagers use yak wool blankets, heated stones as well as traditional butter tea, extremely rich in fats. In fact, even monasteries have underground meditation chambers to trap heat.
- What’s the most surprising tradition in Tsum Valley?
Hunting is outlawed, which is very unusual as most locals feel that it upsets spiritual balance. Animals are said to be sacred, and grazing here feel little threat even from the yaks or goats.
- Why do some mani walls have carved skull symbols?
In the vicinity of Mu Gompa there are mani walls of certain skulls and mystical figures carved into stone, thought to keep evil spirits away and defend the travelers crossing the high passes.
- How do monks at Mu Gompa prepare for winter isolation?
Every year, before winter sets in, monks lay in store dried yak meat, barley and medicinal herbs in order to survive months of extreme cold during which trails become impassable.
- What happens if a trekker reaches Larke La Pass but can’t continue due to weather?
Dharamsala is where the trekkers must return if conditions suddenly worsen until the weather clears. In very rare case, guides make arrangements for helicopter evacuations of stranded trekkers.
- What’s the rarest animal spotted along this trek?
An elusive predator that lives in the high altitude wilderness of the Himalayan wolf. But few trekkers ever see one, and nearby Samdo is apparently favored by locals with sightings.
- What is the spiritual significance of Milarepa’s Cave?
It is thought that centuries ago the famous Tibetan yogi Milarepa meditated here for years, attaining enlightenment. Many monks go trekking here just to seek inspiration and solitude.
- How do villagers predict changing weather without forecasts?
Locals watch cloud formations over Manaslu and Ganesh Himal, changes in river flow and animal behaviour to accurately predict storm and snowfall.
- What’s the oldest relic found in the monasteries of Tsum Valley?
Centuries old handwritten scriptures with gold ink where Buddhist teachings have been passed down through the generations are housed in Mu Gompa.
- What’s the most rewarding moment for trekkers on this route?
The feeling of standing at Larkya La Pass (5,106m) and having the complete Himalayan range in front of you, and deeply connecting to the landscape and history of the trek.
The Manaslu Circuit Tsum Valley Trek is one of the remote, cultural trekking routes in Nepal, which brings together Manaslu Circuit and Tsum Valley culture in tour itinerary.
- Duration: 18 to 22 days maximum, depending on the itinerary and acclimatization needs.
- Distance: Around 260 to 300 km (161 to 186 miles) though detours towards monasteries and viewpoints may increase this distance.
- Location: Situated in north-central Nepal, within the Manaslu Conservation Area. The trip starts from Machha Khola, then the trip leads towards Budhi Gandaki River valley, enters Tsum Valley.
Regularly featured in the top five treks of Nepal, Manaslu Circuit and Tsum Valley Trekking provides dramatic landscapes, Tibetan influence villages and wide views of Manaslu (8,163 m), Ganesh Himal, Himalchuli.
Trek History & Exploration
Both Manaslu Circuit and Tsum Valley Trek routes were used for trading in Nepal and Tibet for centuries. These paths were used by traders and monks, the former exchanging goods and the latter sharing their knowledge and spiritual teachings with each other.
Although historically important, trekking in the Manaslu region was off limits until 1991, and Tsum Valley until 2008. However, this isolation stayed authentic enough that trekkers today can experience a near unchanged way of life by modernization.
However, trekking culture here is quite unaffected by early explorers’ footprints, including the Japanese climbers who were the first to summit Manaslu in 1956. Along the route, you encounter ancient mani walls carved with Buddhist prayers, yak herders on steep trails, villages where custom is still society, and so on.
The Manaslu Circuit Trek with Tsum Valley is not only an ascent over the landscape but it is also a passage through time, it all is reminiscent of the resilience shown by the ones who walked these trails before.
The Manaslu Circuit Tsum Valley Trek starts with a drive from Kathmandu to Machha Khola, thus entering the Manaslu region. The trek then follows the Budhi Gandaki River, crossing its deep gorges over rusty suspension bridges, cutting overhanging cliffs on its way.
The transition from mainstream trekking routes to a sacred sanctuary untouched by urban development is demonstrated by passing through villages like Jagat and Lokpa, which put trekkers in this area of Tsum Valley.
Entry is permitted only after having secured a permit, due to the sensitive ecosystem and heritage of the region. With rising elevation, resting days on places like Sama Gaun are crucial for acclimatization so as to permit experienced trekkers to adjust beforehand prior to tackling Larkya La Pass (5,106m).
The exit proceeds down a rough pass to Dharapani and finishes the circuit before returning to Kathmandu. Each section of Manaslu Circuit and Tsum Valley Trekking is specifically designed to keep these two things together, making a perfectly balanced trek yet thrilling at the same time.
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